Ingredient Guide
Citric Acid
Also known as: Citric Acid, 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid
All skin types
What It Is
A naturally occurring weak acid found in citrus fruits. Used in skincare primarily as a pH adjuster and, at higher concentrations, as a mild alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) exfoliant.
What It Does
In most formulas at low concentrations: adjusts and stabilizes the pH of the product for safety and ingredient efficacy. At higher concentrations: provides mild AHA exfoliation.
Best For
pH adjustment — primary functional role in most formulas
Benefits
- Essential for maintaining the correct formula pH for efficacy and safety
- At higher concentrations, mild exfoliating and brightening AHA
- Antioxidant properties
When to Be Careful
- At high concentrations used as an active, can cause irritation similar to other AHAs
- As a pH adjuster (low concentration), no notable concerns
Commonly Found In
SerumsTonersMoisturizersExfoliantsVirtually any water-based formula
Products Containing Citric Acid
FAQs About Citric Acid
Is citric acid in skincare an exfoliant?
At the low concentrations used for pH adjustment, no — it's a pH-stabilizing functional ingredient. At higher concentrations in exfoliant products, it can act as a mild AHA. Most products use it for pH control, not active exfoliation.